Theory questions and your opinion
1) Social learning theory has been criticised for simplifying the causes of violence in society. Do you think the media is responsible for anti-social behaviour and violence?
The media has always been a huge part of everyday life, be it with communication and finding about information. Depending upon how the individual mind is constructed they will respond as such. Media can be responsible since all the advocating of war and violent video games can have an affect on young minds more than older.
2) How is social learning theory relevant in the digital age? Are young people now learning behaviour from social media and the internet? Give examples.
2) How is social learning theory relevant in the digital age? Are young people now learning behaviour from social media and the internet? Give examples.
Andrew Tate is a prime example on how his views have impacted a lot on the male audience. The views and opinions he put out on different social media impacts males to think like that as well. This can be a negative effect since some of his opinions have led to him being 'cancelled' and banned on social media platforms.
3) Research three examples of moral panic from the last 50 years. To what extent was the media responsible for these moral panics? Was the concern in society justified? How have things changed as a result of these moral panics?
3) Research three examples of moral panic from the last 50 years. To what extent was the media responsible for these moral panics? Was the concern in society justified? How have things changed as a result of these moral panics?
- Islamic Terrorists- Society believes that all terrorist are Muslim meaning racism has increased over the years causing issues all around the wold, be it a workplace or simply just in public.
Goths- They are seen to be excluded on the basis what is normal and what is abnormal.
4) Read this introduction to an academic paper on technopanics. What examples are given of technopanics that create fear in society? If the link is blocked in school, you can access the text here.
4) Read this introduction to an academic paper on technopanics. What examples are given of technopanics that create fear in society? If the link is blocked in school, you can access the text here.
These panics are intense public, political, and academic responses to the emergence oruse of media or technologies, especially by the young.
5) Do you think the internet should be regulated? Should the government try and control what we can access online?
5) Do you think the internet should be regulated? Should the government try and control what we can access online?
I feel as if it would be a good idea but i fear the outcome of it will be worse meaning individuals would rebel against the government by stating it is restricting their right of freedom of speech.
6) Apply Gerbner's cultivation theory to new and digital media. Is the internet creating a fearful population? Are we becoming desensitised to online threats, trolling and abuse? Is heavy internet use something we should be worried about in society? Write a paragraph discussing these ideas.
6) Apply Gerbner's cultivation theory to new and digital media. Is the internet creating a fearful population? Are we becoming desensitised to online threats, trolling and abuse? Is heavy internet use something we should be worried about in society? Write a paragraph discussing these ideas.
The internet is in fact creating a fearful population in terms of how people are replicating certain issues seen all over the internet everyday such as gun violence in schools, since its almost become a trend.The more knowledge we receive on how it is so easy to know a persons information through social media allows strangers to track you down, so because of that people are more aware on what they post on the internet and what they don't.The usage of internet has increased drastically over the years, in some ways its been a positive impacts in regarding what is going on around the world. However, on the other hand its also been negative, meaning the posts released by celebrities and influencer's has influenced negative changes regarding with their body as harmful.
The effects debate: Media Factsheet
Complete the following tasks using Media Factsheet 030 - The Effects Debate available on the Media Shared drive. You'll find it in our Media Factsheet archive: M:\Resources\A Level\Media Factsheets. You can also access it via your school Google login here.
Read Media Factsheet 030 - Media and Audiences -The Effects Debate and answer the following questions:
1) Complete the questions in the first activity box (beginning with 'Do you play violent games? Are you violent in real life?')
Complete the following tasks using Media Factsheet 030 - The Effects Debate available on the Media Shared drive. You'll find it in our Media Factsheet archive: M:\Resources\A Level\Media Factsheets. You can also access it via your school Google login here.
Read Media Factsheet 030 - Media and Audiences -The Effects Debate and answer the following questions:
1) Complete the questions in the first activity box (beginning with 'Do you play violent games? Are you violent in real life?')
Whilst some people do act violently, many do not and in today’s culture it is almost impossible to avoid violent representations. This seems to support the view that the media does not directly cause people to act a certain way.
Advertisers spend millions of pounds promoting their products. The Marks and Spencer’s food adverts have increased the grocery sales for the high street shop and encouraged customers to indulge themselves with the luxury items they sell.
Viewing a documentary can provide access to information that may change the way you feel about an issue. It may even make you want to act differently, eat more healthily, join a political group or simply tell your friends about what you have learnt. This seems to support the view that the media does have the potential to influence people. MacDonalds began offering ‘healthy options’ after concerns raised in this documentary appeared to have impacted on sales.
2) What are the four categories for different effects theories?
• Direct Effect Theories
• Diffusion Theories
• Indirect Effect Theories
• The Pluralist Approach
3) What are the examples provided for the hypodermic needle theory - where media texts have been blamed for certain events?
• Child’s Play – The murder of Jamie Bulger
• Marilyn Manson – The Columbine High School shootings
• Natural Born Killers – a number of murders committed by romantically linked couples. in one case, the director was sued for inciting violence although the court case was later dismissed
4) What was the 1999 Columbine massacre? You may need to research this online in addition to the information on the factsheet.
On April 20, 1999, a school shooting and attempted bombing occurred at Columbine High School in Columbine, Colorado, United States.
5) What are the reasons listed on the factsheet to possibly explain the Columbine High School massacre?
The Columbine High School shootings occurred due to a complex relationship between:*
o The ease of access to firearms and the social acceptance of gun ownership
o The alienation felt by teenagers who felt as though they did not fit in
o The hopelessness caused by living in an area where unemployment was high and was economically disadvantaged
o The general desensitisation caused by access to a range of violent images: film, TV, the news, the internet
This theory considers the way the media affects attitudes rather than behaviour. The media is seen as part of our socialisation process, communicating ‘appropriate’ attitudes and the norms and values of the culture. According to this theory, while any one media text does not have too much effect, repeated exposure to certain ideas and values may make the audience less critical of the ideas presented as they appear ‘normal’.
7) What does the factsheet suggest about action films and the values and ideologies that are reinforced with regards to violence?
Things get more complicated when you consider this is all down to perspective. Is it good if a villain kills someone to protect his family? Is it acceptable to act violently if someone threatens a state they think is corrupt? Is it alright to steal from someone who has been violent towards you? The repetition of the simple values above makes them appear natural and the texts do not always encourage the audience to question the values presented. Essentially violence is supported in action films as a method for the hero to reach his goal. The only difference between him and the villain is that we agree with the hero’s motivations.
8) What criticisms of direct effect theories are suggested in the factsheet?
Diffusion Theories
These ideas focus on the influence media may have but concentrate on the personalised way audiences access texts and consider the influence other people may have.
9) Why might the 1970s sitcom Love Thy Neighbour be considered so controversial today? What does this tell us about Reception theory and how audiences create meanings?
Some texts from the past seem very strange to us. A very popular sit-com in the 1970s called Love Thy Neighbour appears to many modern viewers, racist and offensive. Times have changed and so have people’s attitudes and values. What was acceptable as the topic for comedy some decades ago, no longer is.
10) What examples are provided for Hall's theory of preferred, negotiated and oppositional readings?
• the dominant reading
an acceptance of the intended meaning
• a negotiated reading
a broad acceptance of the intended meaning but with some personal modification
• an oppositional reading
an understanding of the intended meaning but a rejection
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